Log4net is an open source framework for logging the output in an application. The application framework is released under Apache License, Version 2.0. Log4net provides multiple types of logging techniques. What we are going to discuss today is how to configure log4net for a requirement I wanted to implement in one of my project? C# (CSharp) log4net.Appender FileAppender - 30 examples found. These are the top rated real world C# (CSharp) examples of log4net.Appender.FileAppender extracted from open source projects. You can rate examples to help us improve the quality of examples. I would like to create a log4net RollingFileAppender that creates a new file each time the program starts. It can roll if the file gets to big but must roll each time the application is started. The appender should not be added if another appender is configured in the configuration. Config Examples - Apache log4net, The RollingFileAppender builds on the FileAppender and has the same options as that appender. The following example shows how to configure the What is RollingFileAppender RollingFileAppender is the most popular log4net appender that people always choose to use for production environment.
In the world of software development, logging often takes a backseat to unit testing and documentation. But logging is a powerful tool for debugging in production, and it provides vital data on the real-world use of your application. When things stop working, it's the data in the logs that both the dev and operations teams use to troubleshoot the issue and quickly fix the problem.
Clearly, logs are important. Unfortunately, not all logs are created equal. You need to follow best practices when creating them so that they contain the right information when you need it. In this article, we will share seven best practices to take your C# logging to the next level.
1. Don't Reinvent the Wheel
While it's possible to write your own logging library from scratch, most developers benefit from using a battle-tested option. Fortunately, Microsoft bundles a decent native library called TraceSource with the .NET SDK. To use TraceSource, you need to enable this feature in your configuration file, which is named application.config and located in the same folder as your application executable.
You can enable TraceSource by adding the code below to your application.config file:
Once TraceSource is enabled, use this tool to write messages to the console like this:
2. Write Logs to Files, Not the Console
Logging to the console is useful, but ephemeral. What if you need to run a series of debug tests and compare the results, or maintain an event log? Writing log messages to different locations allows you to route each message to the most appropriate place(s).
TraceSource easily meets these needs. This logging library writes its messages to a listener object which then sends those messages to a predetermined location, such as the console, the Windows Event Log, or a file.
To add a listener that writes to a file, add this code to your configuration:
This snippet adds a listener object called myListener and writes your messages to a log file titled TextWriterOutput.log. Then you can use the Trace class to write text to the file:
It's also possible to dynamically add listeners at run time. This method is perfect for avoiding unnecessary overhead by only enabling logging when specific code paths are hit, such as the first time an error condition occurs.
The following code example shows how to dynamically add a new listener to the Trace.Listeners collection instead of using the static configuration file:
The .NET framework provides a whole host of listener classes for sending log messages to various destinations in a range of formats. You can check out the TraceListener Class documentation for more details.
3. Use A Third-Party Logging Library
The TraceSource library provided with the .NET SDK is useful in lots of situations, but ultimately, it's a library focused on tracing and debugging, not logging. Which means that TraceSource is missing the kinds of high-level APIs you'd expect in a standard logging framework.
Libraries such as such as Log4Net, Nlog, and serilog can handle the heavy lifting involved with the advanced features of System.Diagnostic.Tracesource so you don't have to. Which library you choose will depend on your unique needs, though for the most part they are all similar in functionality. For our examples, we'll use log4net.
Just as with the TraceSource library, you need to configure Log4Net in your app's configuration file. Here's a sample configuration that creates a logger that writes to a file and rolls it—moves the current file and creates a new empty one—whenever the file reaches 1MB in size.
The log4net configuration documentation provides more details on each configuration element and its attributes.
With the configuration file written, you can now write messages to myLoggerFile.log using the following code:
Thanks to the layout element in the configuration file, the log messages contain far more context is possible with TraceSource.
This log message provides us with a timestamp, the thread, the logging level, the class that wrote the message, and the log message itself. While not bad, it would be better if we could filter messages so that we only see the ones we're interested in.
4. Make Use of Logging Levels
One of the most useful features of a logging library like log4net is the ability to ignore messages that are unimportant for a specific scenario. For example, when debugging your application in a pre-production environment you probably want to see all the log messages of DEBUG priority and above. Conversely, you definitely don't want to see those messages when the application is running in production because they can obscure far more important messages.
log4net offers the following log levels, in increasing order of priority: ALL, DEBUG, INFO, WARN, ERROR, FATAL, OFF. The ALL level logs everything and the OFF level logs nothing. You can assign these log levels to each logger in your configuration file. Any message sent at a lower priority than the configured level will be ignored.
The advantage here is that you can configure the logging levels directly in your configuration file, and you don't need to modify your code to change the types of log messages you care about; customizing your logs for production simply requires a separate config file.
To assign an output destination for your messages based on the logging level, create multiple appenders in your config file. For example, this configuration creates two loggers: one that sends all messages at or above INFO to info.log and a second logger that sends messages at or above ERROR to error.log.
Each file is written by a separate logger, so you need to use both inside of your code:
While using more than one logger for small code bases is manageable, things quickly get out of hand as application size grows and as the number of loggers increase. A far more maintainable solution is to add filters.
5. Control Log Messages With Filters
The log4net package provides a number of filters that can finely control which messages are logged by which appenders. Here are a few examples of existing filters:
- log4net.Filter.DenyAllFilter – deny all messages
- log4net.Filter.StringMatchFilter – match messages containing a string
- log4net.Filter.LevelRangeFilter – match messages within a range of log levels
It's not hard to think of uses for each of these options, and log4net.Filter.StringMatchFilter in particular is useful for sending log messages from specific application modules to a dedicated destination.
But it's the last filter in the list that we'll use to improve the config file from the previous section. By filtering messages based on their log level, one logger can send messages to multiple destinations.
The following example configuration sends messages at or above INFO to the info.log file but only messages at ERROR and FATAL to error.log.
Now all messages can be written to the root logger, which will in turn forward those messages to the appenders, and the appenders will either ignore those messages or write them to a file based on the message's log level.
Log4net Fileappender
6. Log Contextual and Diagnostic Data
Using the standard contextual items available within the app, such as the timestamp, provides much-needed context to our log message. But what if you need specific data from a class or method? What if you need to know the parameters of a request for your web app? There's a whole host of details that could be useful, from user location to HTTPRequest parameters.
With frameworks such as log4net, there's no need to place the burden on developers to add all of those details to each log message—log4net can add them automatically. That's because log4net provides a class, LogicalThreadContext, which lets you store event-specific data and print it in your log files. To use this, update the conversionPattern element in your configuration file to include the '%property{data}' pattern.
For example, the following code stores a user ID in the 'user' property which you can print in your log files by adding '%property{user}' to your conversionPattern.
7. Use Structured Logging
Using the best practices covered so far, it's now possible to write log messages filled with rich, contextual data. The next and final step is to use structured logging. Logs containing structured data are easily filtered by log management tools such as SolarWinds®Papertrail™ and SolarWinds Loggly®, which makes it easier to search through your log data when hunting for clues to help diagnose application issues.
Frustration-free log management. (It's a thing.)
Aggregate, organize, and manage your logs with PapertrailIn particular, log4net offers a JSON package, log4net.Ext.Json, which lets you log any object as JSON by serializing that object. To write JSON to your logs, add log4net.Ext.Json as a serialized layout to your appender.
As a result, writing the following DEBUG message:
Download free mp3 er for pc. Now displays this very parseable log message:
Conclusion
Logging is a powerful tool for both development and production debugging. To ensure your application provides the level of logging necessary for your development and operations teams to track down and fix bugs quickly, follow these steps:
- Instead of reinventing the wheel, use an existing logging framework such as TraceSource or log4net.
- Use context-rich logging so that you'll have all the information you might need when troubleshooting.
- Make your logs easily parseable by other tools, by writing structured logs.
Log4j2 RollingFileAppender is an OutputStreamAppender that writes log messages to files, following a configured triggering policy about when a rollover (backup) should occur. It also has a configured rollover strategy about how to rollover the file.
Generally backup of log files are created based on file size, current date or both.
1. Log4j2 maven dependencies
Check the latest version in maven repository.
2. Log4j2 RollingFileAppender example – rollover based on log file size
Log4net Rollingfileappender Example
This given configuration roll over the log files based on log file size. I have configured the log file size to be 10 MB. Change it as per your requirement.
2.1. log4j2.properties
We can configure rolling file appender in log4j.properties in given way.
2.2. log4j2.xml
3. RollingFileAppender – rollover based on date time
We can roll over log files based on date time as well.
3.1. RollingFileAppender example
If using RollingFileAppender, then use TimeBasedRollingPolicy to specify when to roll over log files based on date time.
Notice the FileNamePattern property. It defines the name pattern for rolled over files. In given example, it will rename the rollover log files with date-month in log file name.
For example, pattern '{MM-dd-yyyy-HH}' will rollover log file every hour.
We also use .gz extension so log4j will compress the log file automatically.
3.2. Daily roll over logs example
To enable the daily rolling, log4j2 does not DailyRollingFileAppender which was present in earlier log4j. To rollover logs on daily basis, set interval to 1 in TimeBasedTriggeringPolicy.
4. RollingFileAppender – rollover based on both – log size and date time
The TraceSource library provided with the .NET SDK is useful in lots of situations, but ultimately, it's a library focused on tracing and debugging, not logging. Which means that TraceSource is missing the kinds of high-level APIs you'd expect in a standard logging framework.
Libraries such as such as Log4Net, Nlog, and serilog can handle the heavy lifting involved with the advanced features of System.Diagnostic.Tracesource so you don't have to. Which library you choose will depend on your unique needs, though for the most part they are all similar in functionality. For our examples, we'll use log4net.
Just as with the TraceSource library, you need to configure Log4Net in your app's configuration file. Here's a sample configuration that creates a logger that writes to a file and rolls it—moves the current file and creates a new empty one—whenever the file reaches 1MB in size.
The log4net configuration documentation provides more details on each configuration element and its attributes.
With the configuration file written, you can now write messages to myLoggerFile.log using the following code:
Thanks to the layout element in the configuration file, the log messages contain far more context is possible with TraceSource.
This log message provides us with a timestamp, the thread, the logging level, the class that wrote the message, and the log message itself. While not bad, it would be better if we could filter messages so that we only see the ones we're interested in.
4. Make Use of Logging Levels
One of the most useful features of a logging library like log4net is the ability to ignore messages that are unimportant for a specific scenario. For example, when debugging your application in a pre-production environment you probably want to see all the log messages of DEBUG priority and above. Conversely, you definitely don't want to see those messages when the application is running in production because they can obscure far more important messages.
log4net offers the following log levels, in increasing order of priority: ALL, DEBUG, INFO, WARN, ERROR, FATAL, OFF. The ALL level logs everything and the OFF level logs nothing. You can assign these log levels to each logger in your configuration file. Any message sent at a lower priority than the configured level will be ignored.
The advantage here is that you can configure the logging levels directly in your configuration file, and you don't need to modify your code to change the types of log messages you care about; customizing your logs for production simply requires a separate config file.
To assign an output destination for your messages based on the logging level, create multiple appenders in your config file. For example, this configuration creates two loggers: one that sends all messages at or above INFO to info.log and a second logger that sends messages at or above ERROR to error.log.
Each file is written by a separate logger, so you need to use both inside of your code:
While using more than one logger for small code bases is manageable, things quickly get out of hand as application size grows and as the number of loggers increase. A far more maintainable solution is to add filters.
5. Control Log Messages With Filters
The log4net package provides a number of filters that can finely control which messages are logged by which appenders. Here are a few examples of existing filters:
- log4net.Filter.DenyAllFilter – deny all messages
- log4net.Filter.StringMatchFilter – match messages containing a string
- log4net.Filter.LevelRangeFilter – match messages within a range of log levels
It's not hard to think of uses for each of these options, and log4net.Filter.StringMatchFilter in particular is useful for sending log messages from specific application modules to a dedicated destination.
But it's the last filter in the list that we'll use to improve the config file from the previous section. By filtering messages based on their log level, one logger can send messages to multiple destinations.
The following example configuration sends messages at or above INFO to the info.log file but only messages at ERROR and FATAL to error.log.
Now all messages can be written to the root logger, which will in turn forward those messages to the appenders, and the appenders will either ignore those messages or write them to a file based on the message's log level.
Log4net Fileappender
6. Log Contextual and Diagnostic Data
Using the standard contextual items available within the app, such as the timestamp, provides much-needed context to our log message. But what if you need specific data from a class or method? What if you need to know the parameters of a request for your web app? There's a whole host of details that could be useful, from user location to HTTPRequest parameters.
With frameworks such as log4net, there's no need to place the burden on developers to add all of those details to each log message—log4net can add them automatically. That's because log4net provides a class, LogicalThreadContext, which lets you store event-specific data and print it in your log files. To use this, update the conversionPattern element in your configuration file to include the '%property{data}' pattern.
For example, the following code stores a user ID in the 'user' property which you can print in your log files by adding '%property{user}' to your conversionPattern.
7. Use Structured Logging
Using the best practices covered so far, it's now possible to write log messages filled with rich, contextual data. The next and final step is to use structured logging. Logs containing structured data are easily filtered by log management tools such as SolarWinds®Papertrail™ and SolarWinds Loggly®, which makes it easier to search through your log data when hunting for clues to help diagnose application issues.
Frustration-free log management. (It's a thing.)
Aggregate, organize, and manage your logs with PapertrailIn particular, log4net offers a JSON package, log4net.Ext.Json, which lets you log any object as JSON by serializing that object. To write JSON to your logs, add log4net.Ext.Json as a serialized layout to your appender.
As a result, writing the following DEBUG message:
Download free mp3 er for pc. Now displays this very parseable log message:
Conclusion
Logging is a powerful tool for both development and production debugging. To ensure your application provides the level of logging necessary for your development and operations teams to track down and fix bugs quickly, follow these steps:
- Instead of reinventing the wheel, use an existing logging framework such as TraceSource or log4net.
- Use context-rich logging so that you'll have all the information you might need when troubleshooting.
- Make your logs easily parseable by other tools, by writing structured logs.
Log4j2 RollingFileAppender is an OutputStreamAppender that writes log messages to files, following a configured triggering policy about when a rollover (backup) should occur. It also has a configured rollover strategy about how to rollover the file.
Generally backup of log files are created based on file size, current date or both.
1. Log4j2 maven dependencies
Check the latest version in maven repository.
2. Log4j2 RollingFileAppender example – rollover based on log file size
Log4net Rollingfileappender Example
This given configuration roll over the log files based on log file size. I have configured the log file size to be 10 MB. Change it as per your requirement.
2.1. log4j2.properties
We can configure rolling file appender in log4j.properties in given way.
2.2. log4j2.xml
3. RollingFileAppender – rollover based on date time
We can roll over log files based on date time as well.
3.1. RollingFileAppender example
If using RollingFileAppender, then use TimeBasedRollingPolicy to specify when to roll over log files based on date time.
Notice the FileNamePattern property. It defines the name pattern for rolled over files. In given example, it will rename the rollover log files with date-month in log file name.
For example, pattern '{MM-dd-yyyy-HH}' will rollover log file every hour.
We also use .gz extension so log4j will compress the log file automatically.
3.2. Daily roll over logs example
To enable the daily rolling, log4j2 does not DailyRollingFileAppender which was present in earlier log4j. To rollover logs on daily basis, set interval to 1 in TimeBasedTriggeringPolicy.
4. RollingFileAppender – rollover based on both – log size and date time
If you want to rollover log files based on file size and date time both, then you need to use SizeBasedTriggeringPolicy and TimeBasedRollingPolicy both.
In given example, appender is able to refer the file name pattern and time based rollover strategy using filePattern attribute which include {dd-MMM}. Size based rollover will happen at 10 MB. Stream mockingjay part 1 online, free.
Happy Learning !!
References:
RollingFileAppender Java Doc
Log4net Rollingfileappender Example Questions
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